1. Hysteroscopy: Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows a doctor to examine the inside of the uterus using a thin, lighted instrument called a hysteroscope. It is typically performed as an outpatient procedure under local or general anesthesia.
During a hysteroscopy, the hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus. It enables the doctor to visualize the uterine lining and structures, such as the fallopian tube openings and the openings of the cervix. Hysteroscopy can help diagnose and treat various conditions, including:
• Abnormal uterine bleeding
• Uterine polyps or fibroids
• Adhesions or scar tissue within the uterus
• Uterine septum (a congenital condition where the uterus is divided by a wall)
• Intrauterine device (IUD) removal or placement
• Evaluation of fertility-related issues
2. Laparoscopy: Laparoscopy, also known as keyhole surgery or minimally invasive surgery, is a procedure that allows the doctor to view and access the pelvic and abdominal organs using a laparoscope—a thin, lighted instrument with a camera attached. It is typically performed under general anaesthesia.
Laparoscopy is used to diagnose and treat various gynaecological conditions, including:
• Endometriosis: The doctor can visualize and remove endometrial implants or scar tissue.
• Ovarian cysts or tumours: Cysts or tumours can be evaluated, and if necessary, removed.
• Ectopic pregnancy: Laparoscopy can be used to locate and remove an ectopic pregnancy.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): The doctor can identify and treat infections or abscesses.
• Tubal ligation or sterilization: Laparoscopy is commonly used for these procedures.
• Evaluation of infertility: Laparoscopy can help assess the pelvic organs and identify factors contributing to infertility.